Its early symptoms can resemble the flu, and be misdiagnosed,18 so watch out for these first appearing symptoms:16
Children under 5 years of age: fever16
Children older than 5 years of age: headache16
All age groups: loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, and upper respiratory symptoms (sore throat and coryza).16
The average onset time of these early common symptoms is about 7-12 hours, with symptoms lasting about 4 hours in younger children and 8 hours in adolescents.16
After that, the meningococcal meningitis specific symptoms will begin, including neck stiffness, photophobia and bulging fontanelle. The average onset time of these symptoms is about 12 to 15 hours from disease onset. The last indicators (such as unconsciousness, delirium, or seizures) are seen in babies less than 1 year of age at an average of 15 hours and around 24 hours in older children.16
Watch out for the progression of Meningococcal Meningitis!
Symptoms may progress over time.16,18
Person to person contact can lead to contracting meningococcal meningitis, and it can be as simple as your baby sharing a toy.1,20
Here's how Meningococcal meningitis can spread from person to person:1,2,20
Close lengthy contact
with infected people.20
Spread of germs in the saliva through sharing things such as food or drinks, water bottles, toothbrushes, toys, mouth guards and musical instruments with mouthpieces.1
Droplets from a sneeze, close conversation, or kissing.2
The N. meningitidis bacteria can be transmitted through close or prolonged person-to-person contact.20 It often invades the defenses of the body and spreads into the brain through the bloodstream, which could potentially lead to death in just 24-48 hours.2,6
Fortunately, meningococcal meningitis is not airborne however, one out of ten people can be carriers without showing symptoms or being ill.20
ECDC. Surveillance Atlas of Infectious Diseases. 2018. Available from: https://atlas.ecdc.europa.eu/public/index.aspx. Accessed 30 November 2020.
Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC). World Meningitis Day 2019 - Life After Meningitis, 2019. NCDC website. https://ncdc.gov.ng/news/177/world-meningitis-day---2019-life-after-meningitis#:
~:text=Globally2%C20%Meningitis20%aects20%about202.8%, are20%currently20%aected20% in20%Nigeria. Accessed 25 February 2021.